The spinning mill industry in India holds a prominent position in the global textile market. With its second-largest spinning capacity of 48 million spindles, India is not only a global leader but also the market leader in yarn trade, exporting approximately 1.2 million tons of yarn with a 30% share
The history of spinning mills in India dates back to the early years of the cotton textile industry. The cotton-growing regions of Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Gujarat housed the majority of the cotton textile sector. Availability of raw materials, market, transport, labor, moist climate, and other factors contributed to localization. This industry played a vital role in Bombay's economy at the beginning of the 20th century, but it quickly fell after the country's independence, Largely due to deregulation beginning in the mid-1980s.
Spinning is the most important sector of the textile industry in terms of output, employment, and foreign exchange earnings.
The spinning sector in India has witnessed significant growth and development, driven by policy reforms and technological advancements. Policy changes that began in the 1980s and 1990s were extremely important in boosting technical efficiency and global competitiveness, especially in the spinning industry.
These reforms paved the way for the modernization and expansion of spinning mills in the country. India's spinning segment is fairly modernized, with approximately 35 to 40 percent of spindles being less than 10 years old. The industry has embraced technological advancements, and during 1989-98, India was the leading buyer of spinning machinery, accounting for 28% of global shipments
This modernization has contributed to the industry's competitiveness on the global stage.
The spinning mills in India play a vital role in the overall textile industry. They form an integral part of the textile value chain, ensuring the availability of quality yarn for further processing. Yarn production in India has shown consistent growth, with an annual increase of 4.5% between 1990 and 2004
The spinning mills have been instrumental in meeting the growing demand for blended and 100% manmade yarns, reflecting the changing trends in domestic and international markets.
Different mills use different spinning techniques and are hence known for that. Composite mills are relatively large-scale mills that integrate spinning, weaving, and sometimes fabric finishing, all under one roof.
In other major textile-producing countries, composite mills are common. However, in India, they now account for only about 3% of the output in the textile sector. It's important to note that while spinning mills themselves use different spinning techniques, the classification of spinning mills is typically based on factors like size, production capacity, and the type of fibers they use.
So, let's look at some of the popular spinning techniques.
In addition to the main spinning techniques, there are other notable spinning techniques that contribute to the diverse world of yarn production such as worsted spinning technique and hand spinning technique.
Spinning in India is heavily centralized in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Gujarat. These states have a long-standing history and reputation in the textile industry.
Here are some of the major areas spinning mills are located in India:
Tamil Nadu, in particular, is a major hub for spinning mills in India. According to Business Standard, It boasts a significant number of spinning mills, with approximately 2,032 mills out of the total 3,542 mills in the country. Highest in the country. The major cities with spinning mills in the state are Coimbatore, Salem, Tirupur, and Erode.
Super Spinning Mills Limited, Bannari Amman Spinning Mills Limited, RG Spinning Mills Private Limited, and Sri Balaji Spinning Mills are some of the top spinning mills in Tamil Nadu.
Next on the list is Gujarat. According to Times Of India, the state has 120 spinning mills out of which 75 are in Saurashtra. Other major cities with spinning mills in Gujarat are Ahmedabad, Surat, and Vadodara.
Sanvi Spinning Mill Pvt. Ltd, Shri Muniveer Spinning Mills, Vaibhav Ginning & Spinning Mills Pvt Ltd, and Marutinandan Spinning Mill are some of the top spinning mills in Gujarat.
Maharashtra is third on the list and has Mumbai as the largest center in India, having 63 mills out of the state's total of 122 mills. Other major cities with spinning mills in Maharashtra are Nagpur and Solapur.
Trimurty Spinning Mills Pvt.Ltd, Sanjay Gandhi Coop Spinning Mills, Suryaamba Spinning Mills Limited, and GTN Spinning Mills are some of the top spinning mills in Maharashtra.
Other than these states Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Manipur have a considerable amount of spinning mills.
Spinning mills in India have established themselves as global leaders in the yarn trade. With a significant spinning capacity and a focus on modernization and competitiveness, the industry contributes significantly to the overall textile sector. While challenges exist, the spinning mills in India continue to explore opportunities for growth and innovation, ensuring their continued prominence in the global textile market.